Gas-discharging valve for hydraulic apparatus



M. uoumuui. v GAS DISGHARGING VALVE F08 HYDRAULIC APPARATUS.

Pawntefl Jan. 3, 1922.

EHouda/iLLe, J3 yaw/M.

' UNITED STATES PF'ATVEKNTY OFFICE.

ILURICE HOUDAILLE, OF LEVALLOIS-P-EBRET, FRANCE.

GAS-DISCHARGING VALVE ,FQR. HYDRAULIC APPARATUS. v

' Patented Jan. 3, 1922.

Application filed June 23, 1919. Serial No. 306,180.

I paratus) in which use is made of the (11S; placements of a movablemember working in a liquid. I

- In such apparatus, .it is known that in order to have a perfectoperation, it is necessary that the casing in which the movable member(piston, vane, etc.)' works, shall always be full of the incompressibleliquid.

Moreover, it is necessary that no air shall be capable of entering'theliquid since it i would produce an emulsion that would change thecharacteristic features of the apparatus and its. operation. Hence thenecessity of providing on the operative casing a supplementary fillingreservoir which, throu h a suitable closing device, allows in onedlrectidn, of the inflow of incompressible liquid in order to keep thepump casing filled, and allows in the other direction of the dischargeof air which may have entered the apparatus.

The valve devices hitherto employed have not proved satisfactory. As amatter of fact it is necessary that those valves shallbe perfectlyairtight since they must prevent all return of the liquid from theoperating 'casing into the vessel designed to receive the a liquid forkeeping the casing filled. Since expulsion of the air can take placeonly when by reason of the displacement of the movable member, theincompressible li uid has a tendency to flow back into'the fil ingreservoir, it will be understood that there is an incompatibilitybetween the functions of the closing device which should at one and thesame time be closed to'prevent all movement of the liquid, and be openedto allow the passage of the air that is to be dis- The closing deviceforming the subject matter of this invention is designed to obviate thedrawbacks above mentioned. It provides a closing device which at one andthe same time prevents all movement of the liquid and allows the air toescape. It consists essentially in forming in theseat of the closingdevice, ducts which when the closing device is in its closing position,will allow the operative casing to communicate with the fillingreservoir or with the atmosphere. By this means all movement-of theliquid is prevented, whilethe air forced out by the movable member,finds an issue through the ducts provided in the seat of theclosing'device. A judicious selection of the dimensions of these ductswillallow, by reason of the viscosity of the liquid, of preventing anymovement of the liquid through the said ducts, whereas air which is anelastic fluid,

is able to pass freely through said ducts when the movable member isworking in such a manner as to force back the liquid and effect aclosing of the closing device.

of the kind described in the U. S. Patent No. I 7

1,087,017, dated February 10th, 1914.

Thisparticular application of the present invention is illustrated byway of example in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a cross section of a liquid shock absorber. Fig. 2 is avertical section on of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a separate section of the cover in which the air escape valveis located. I

Fig. 4 is a front view of the said cover. The shock-absorber .comprisesa cylindrithe line 22 cal box a constituting the working chamber 6 ofthe braking members of the shock-absorber. This chamber is closed by acover 0' screwed upon the cylindrical box a and prolonged by aninternally screw-threaded tubular part 0 into which is screwed a glandd. The spindle e extends through the gland d, and the braking vanes f, fwhich it carries, move angularly in the working chamber b which isdivided into two equalparts by fixed partitions b 1) (Fig. 2).

A second convex cover 9 screwed on the periphery of thebox a andtraversed likewise centrally by the spindle e, constitutes the fillingreservoir. I a

. The end of the spindle e is made s uare to carry the lever. h which isheld in p ace by a nut '13.

When the. lever h is rocked, it causes through the medium of the spindlee, the vanes f, f working in their respective compartments, to move awayfrom one of'the fixed partitions, and consequently to move towards theopposite partitions.

This rotational motion of the vanes has the result of creating a vacuumin that part of the compartments that is comprised be-' tween the vanesand the fixed partltions,

from which they are moved away, and the liquid contained in the fillingreservoir is drawn in passing, through a ball valve j located in thelower part of the cover 0. During the period of compression of theliquid the air contained in the said liquid or contained in the workingchamber 6 is forced into a passage k formed in the upper part of thecover 0 on the same vertical axis .ratus during the filling which thatthe operation of the valve is not altered,

and that the opening and closin movements take place as usual,because-the ucts formed by the saw cuts allow only the air to escape,

which escape takes place at the same rate as the working chamber 25 isbeing filled, while preventing the passage of the braking liquid duringthe compression periods.

Consequentlyduring the working of the shock-absorber there 1s a constantequilibrium between the inflow-of the liquid and the outflow of the air,thereby avoiding a useless compression of the air which would merelylengthen the time taken in completely filling the working chamber.

The improved apparatus may be employed in cases where the workingchamber is not surmounted by a filling reservolr ashereinbeforedescribed. In such cases, the valve, arranged as described, would allowof a gradual escape of the air entering the appawise form air pocketsing the characteristics the apparatus.

What'I claim is 1; In a valve apparatus for discharging air or gases,adapted for use with hydraulic considerably modifyand the working of notthe displaced liquid,

would other- I apparatus in' which use is made of the displacements of amovable member working in a liquid contained'in a casing, thecombination,- with said casing, of a valve, a valve seat for the latter,and means whereby when said valve is seated upon its seat so as to closethe aperture against the flow of the liquid that it controls, said valvewill allow the escape of an air or gases that may have entered the saicasing.

2. In a valve apparatus for discharging air or gases, adapted for usewith hydraulic apparatus in which use is made of the displacements of amovable member working in a liquid contained in a casing, thecombinatiomwith said casing, of a valve, a valve seat for the latter,and ducts in said valve seat whereby when said valve is seated upon itsseat so as to close the aperture against the fiow of liquid, said ductsestablish a constant communication between the outside and the inside ofsaid casing, whereby any air or gas contained in said casing, but notthe displaced liquid, can pass out through said ducts. v

3. In a valve apparatus for discharging air or gases, adapted for usewith hydraulic apparatus in which use is made of the displacements of amovable member workin in a liquid contained in a casing, thecombination, with said casing, of a valve, a valve seat for the latter,and saw cuts in said valve seat whereby when said valve is seated uponits seat so-as to close the aperture a must the flow of liquid, said sawcuts estab ish a constant communication between the outside and theinside of said casing, whereby any air or gas contained in said casing,but can pass out through said sawcuts. 4. In hydraulic shock-absorbers,a casing and a reservoir, a partition separating said casing from saidreservoir, and a valve mounted in said partition and permitting liquidto flow from the reservoir to, the interior of the casing but preventingthe flow of liquid from the casing to the reservoir, said valveat alltimes permitting the escape of air from the casing into said reservoir.

5. An apparatus of the kind defined by claim 4 in which the valveconsists of a seat I provided with saw cuts, said seat.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature.

MAURICE HU UDAILLE.

and a ball engaging

